Newspeak Essays - Nineteen Eighty-Four, Historical Revisionism

Newspeak Newspeak Newspeak is a name given to the forecoming language of the totalitarian society portrayed in the novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. The language itself is a supposed creation by Big Brother, the fictitious political figure made up by the Inner Party - the government of Oceania, INGSOC. The language of Newspeak is the product of diminishing and reducing of words thought unnecessary in the existing language - the same as Modern English - by the government, resulting in a smaller vocabulary. This way the totalitarian leaders of Oceania, the Inner Party, can control the knowledge of the people in the society, Outer Party and the Proletarians, to wipe out all heretical thought by destroying unorthodox words and meanings. Once the language of Newspeak replaces the existing speech of Oceania, the Inner Party could spread propaganda without any opposition capable of expressing their feelings. In this way, the use of Newspeak will ultimately lead to the perfect society according to the philosophy of the Party. The philosophy the Party follows is to hold and maintain power over the nation, unlike earlier governments that have fallen against revolts and revolutions; to make their power over the lower classes of the hierarchy - Outer Party and the Proletarians - permeant. To do this, the Party follows their slogans of, ?War is Peace', 'Freedom is Slavery' and Ignorance is Strength', each one a summary of the blueprint of the Party's workings. The first slogan, ?War is Peace', can be narrowed down to a meaning that, while there is war being fought across the country, the Outer Party and the Proletarians will be too contempt in defending themselves that their attentions will not turn against the Inner Party - the rulers. The second, ?Freedom is Slavery', means that the freedom of the Inner Party's high ground leads to slavery within the governing system whereby they have to constantly make decisions and choices of ruling and control over lower members of the hierarchy. The last slogan is the most important as far is Newspeak is concerned in that Newspeak is directly related to it. It means that by keeping the lower classes of Oceania ignorant of what is going on around themselves and by controlling how much and what these people get to know, the lower classes are made easier to control and inturn the Party is strengthened. The Inner Party could spread any form of propaganda or conspiracies without any resistance of non-believers. With the use of Newspeak, the Party would be greatly strengthened in that Newspeak is designed to narrow the possibility of human thought. By cutting out all forms of words and meanings that describes a revolt for example, anyone only knowing Newspeak will be ignorant to even the thought of rebelling. ?Thoughcrime', a word in Newspeak meaning any thoughts by a person evolving plans or actions that are unorthodox, with the adoption of Newspeak, will be, "...literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it."(p55, ln14). "Orthodoxy means not thinking - not needing to think. Orthodoxy is unconsciousness."(p56, ln15). Indeed, in the novel, there is no war going on, but a false war is created existing only in the mind, by the Party in accordance of the first slogan. The false war will never be uncovered because the use of Newspeak will limit even the thought of a false war. The way the Inner Party keeps its subordinates happy and loyal is by creating propagandrous false statistic of achievements in the country. Again this will never be uncovered because of the limitations Newspeak puts on one's thoughts. In this way, through the help of Newspeak, propaganda can be spread with the most monovalent ease. In conclusion, "We're getting language into its final shape - the shape it's going to have when nobody speaks anything else..."(Topic Sheep, 1), and when this happens, the Party will have reached their ultimate goal of control. Propaganda will be spreadable across boundless plains through every desire of the Party. The most doubleplusgood for the Party, no one will be able to do anything about it because no one will be able to think anything of it.

Free Essays on Good Man

â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard To Find† by Flannery O’Conner, is the short story I have chosen to analyze. It is a story I find extremely fascinating. Most of the students in my humanities class did not understand what the intent and contents of the writing meant, and at first my view wasn’t as clear as well. The story speaks of a family that is on their way to a vacation in Florida. The road trip eventually ends in horror when the family has an accident in which a local â€Å"misfit† and his gang, murders the bunch in an ironic twist. In this piece I have found that in order to understand the outcome, readers must first understand the characters, which are of the innermost importance. The first character (who is also the main character) introduced in the story is the grandmother. She proves to be the most interesting persona throughout the entire story. Starting at the very opening, she is shown to be an egocentric woman that is manipulative and quite irritating. Her selfishness is first seen when she interrupts her son’s reading to mention that the family has visited Florida already and that they should visit east Tennessee instead, which is what she wanted. She tries to manipulate her son and his wife by saying that it would do the children good and that going to Florida will only put them in the harm of the misfit. The old woman uses the misfit to try and influence the family into going to her desired destination (which she does not achieve). Her manipulative ways are also shown in the way she managed to get the kids in favor of her visiting and old house she believes is near. Her manipulation is what eventually leads her family into their horrid fate. Another interesting character is the dad, who is named Bailey. Bailey is a man that holds the burdens of his family on his shoulders. He does his best to ignore his mother, because he sees her for what she is. While his mother tries to plead her case on why they should ... Free Essays on Good Man Free Essays on Good Man â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard To Find† by Flannery O’Conner, is the short story I have chosen to analyze. It is a story I find extremely fascinating. Most of the students in my humanities class did not understand what the intent and contents of the writing meant, and at first my view wasn’t as clear as well. The story speaks of a family that is on their way to a vacation in Florida. The road trip eventually ends in horror when the family has an accident in which a local â€Å"misfit† and his gang, murders the bunch in an ironic twist. In this piece I have found that in order to understand the outcome, readers must first understand the characters, which are of the innermost importance. The first character (who is also the main character) introduced in the story is the grandmother. She proves to be the most interesting persona throughout the entire story. Starting at the very opening, she is shown to be an egocentric woman that is manipulative and quite irritating. Her selfishness is first seen when she interrupts her son’s reading to mention that the family has visited Florida already and that they should visit east Tennessee instead, which is what she wanted. She tries to manipulate her son and his wife by saying that it would do the children good and that going to Florida will only put them in the harm of the misfit. The old woman uses the misfit to try and influence the family into going to her desired destination (which she does not achieve). Her manipulative ways are also shown in the way she managed to get the kids in favor of her visiting and old house she believes is near. Her manipulation is what eventually leads her family into their horrid fate. Another interesting character is the dad, who is named Bailey. Bailey is a man that holds the burdens of his family on his shoulders. He does his best to ignore his mother, because he sees her for what she is. While his mother tries to plead her case on why they should ...

Term Papers Essays

Term Papers Essays Term Papers Essays Term Papers Essays: How to Reach Success in Writing Writing different assignment papers is rather challenging. But it is an inalienable part of your study. So, neglect such tasks no way! Of course, writing of various term papers, essays, research papers and many other papers takes a lot of time and efforts. But you should not be afraid of them just because of that. If you work at your assignment papers well, you will get a lot of advantages. One should stress that practice in writing is valuable experience. Writing of different term papers, essays and other papers will develop your analytical skills, creative thinking, teach you to express your thoughts and feelings, organize your ideas logically and make conclusions. Why Should You Care? Term papers, essays, reports How can you cope with those numerous assignment papers that you are provided with? How to become successful in the academic writing? Here are some tips that will be helpful for you!Never postpone writing of your assig nment paper. Here you may find 2 because words. Firstly, you cannot write your paper in several hours. You will have to spend some time on gathering and analyzing of information on the topic, developing of your ideas, making of a paper plan and so on. Secondly, you may be provided with other term papers, essays, reports or reaction papers at the same time. So, you are likely to fail to cope with your task in time. Begin your writing with the thorough study of a topic. It is quite obvious that you cannot discuss a paper topic if you have no idea about it. While studying put down all information that may be useful in your writing: different quotations, some names, dates and other precise data. Write down all the ideas that will come to your mind when you prepare for writing. That concerns different kinds of essays especially as the essay papers term suggests applying of your creative skills. But it is obvious that no one can generate all the ideas at once. Make an out line of your assignment paper. That will help you organize your writing. It will be much easier for you if you split your writing into several parts (separate points of your paper) and then discuss each of them consequently. Always check your work. You may make some mistakes while writing. Re-reading of your paper will help avoid them. But pay attention: never check your paper on finishing writing. You should make a break and let your brain have a rest. So, if you keep in mind these pieces of advice, no term papers, essays, reports or any other assignment papers will possess any difficulties for you.

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 7

Case study - Essay Example The project was assigned to Hrad with a fixed deadline and cost and this deadline and cost was not enough for the completion of the project. There were several problems due to which, Hrad was unable to meet the deadline. This paper deals with the case between Tegan and Hrad Technika in detail. A/P was experiencing problems and Tegan was continuously thinking about dealing with the problems with A/P system but Tegan was unable to sort out the issue until Fan Li came with his toys in the market. Tegan had three options out of which, it had to decide for an appropriate project suitable for the performance and maintenance of A/P project. The first option was to install an enterprise resource planning system such as SAP, second was to rewrite the system using internal resources and third was to outsource the system development to a third party (Upton and Staats 2008b, 3). The organization’s management decided for the third option that was to outsource the A/P project and the reasons were that they were unable to bear the costs of other projects and they did not have the required staff for the development process. The outsourcing of A/P project was the right move in comparison to the other alternatives because it required minimum cost that was bearable for the firm and also the other options required more costs and more staff for the work. Hrad Technika worked for Tegan before for completing software programs for the firm. However, this task was much challenging for the company and required much expertise. Previously the projects go through problems but the administration of Tegan was satisfied with Hrad Technika due to which, they opted for it. Requirements analysis is very crucial for successful bidding on any project. With the help of requirement analysis, all the requirements and demands of the system can be known and all the problems that the system is facing by the users of the system can be known. In addition, the

Gangs and the Music industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gangs and the Music industry - Essay Example Today’s youths are like sponges soaking anything up which is given to them. The music industry has the greatest impact to today’s youth which gives it the most influential power, but sad to say the message being put out is not uplifting or promoting growth so that young people can better themselves. Instead, it puts out a message that it is okay to have multiple sex partners, to be part of a gang, and even use drugs every now and then. Music for a long time has been used to relay messages regarding sex and it is important to note that with time the sexual content and extent of explicitness has been getting worse decade after another. In the early to mid 20th century and before, music was quite conservative and sexual contents were rather to be deduced rather than explicitly expressed as the case is today. Today’s music is apparently changing the fundamental nature of sex to something that is causal and a form of expressing someone’s freedom rather than something with commitment for a relationship that is monogamous by nature. Today’s music and in this case rap and hip hop is bringing to the fore the idea that society is now liberal and all are free to act as they please. This kind of music has lyrics as well as videos that are clearly showing sex as an act of freedom and maturity. Martino, et al. (2006) says that there is increasing explicit use of sex on the songs’ lyrics and their mus ic videos as an expression of pleasure, empowerment, and freedom. The youth with their peer pressure attitudes take these messages as literally as possible ending up having sexual relations quite early in their life. â€Å"Fifty-one percent of teens who listened to music laced with sexual debauchery ended up engaging in sexual activity, compared to just 29 percent of those who listened to little or none of the same types of music† (Wallace, 2010, p. 2). A study reveals that 15% of music videos illustrate or feature violent

Comparing the Theme of Sacrifice in My Antonia and The Song of the Lark

Theme of Sacrifice in My Antonia and The Song of the Lark      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A common trait for Willa Cather's characters is that they possess a certain talent or skill. This art usually controls the lives of these characters. According to critic Maxell Geismar, Cather's heroines who possess a skill often either do not marry or marry men whom they dominate; if they do marry the marriage is without excitement because their passion is invested in their art. In a sense, Geismar accuses Cather's heroines of sacrificing their marital roles for their art (172). However, marriage is not the only aspect that raises the subject of sacrifice for Cather's protagonists - there is also the issue of family. This is because a woman artist, or any woman, is judged not only on her art but also on her personal life, especially by her submissiveness to man in the role of daughter, wife and mother. If a woman is unable to commit towards one of these roles, she is blamed for renouncing her expectant role for something that is associated with a ma n's world - talent. Many readers judge Thea Kronberg and Lena Lingard according to these female roles, and hence place the accusation of sacrifice upon them. Thea Kronberg and Lena Lingard in Willa Cather's The Song of the Lark and My Antonia, respectively, are accused of sacrificing too much for their art because they apparently choose to overlook their families and love relations in respect to their art. On the surface, it appears as if Thea sacrifices her relationship with her mother and her love with Fred Ottenburg in order to achieve her musical desires. Similarly, Lena is depicted as a female who sacrifices her bond with her mother and her prospects for marriage for the life of an indepe... ...r orator skills (i.e. they usually become Lawyers), and postponing marriage prospects until they are independently and financially settled. However, these men are never accused of sacrificing their relations, or too much for their art. Unfortunately, even in the literary world men and women are depicted differently in terms of their relational expectations. This difference goes as far as accusing the pursuit of art as a sacrifice only when the individual is a woman.    Works Cited    Cather, Willa. My Antonia. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1995. Cather, Willa. The Song of the Lark. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1943. Geismar, Maxell. The Last of the Provincials: The American Novel 1915 to 1925. Cambridge: The Riverside Press, 1947. Sabiston, Elizabeth. EN 4210 3.0E Seminar. Toronto: York University, October 15 2002.   

Health risk appraisal

1. What areas of information are missing from this appraisal that would be helpful to you as a clinician? Though the appraisal was quite thorough, it did lack appropriate information regarding patient and family medical history (Chowdhury et al., 2002). While the patient’s lifestyle has an undisputed influence on any health problems he or she might be experiencing, insight into medical history has the potential to reveal genetic propensities that might weigh heavily on the patient’s health (2002). Also missing from this appraisal form is information regarding medications currently being taken by the patient. This is also useful to the clinician as it gives an idea of previous/existing conditions as well as the possibilities for side-effects, allergies, and interference with the drugs that might be presently prescribed for the patient (Nordenberg, 2000). 2. How can this tool be used to create a plan of care? This tool could be used to create a lifestyle change care-plan. The tool probes a wide variety of life-style areas and has the potential to reveal areas in which the patient has compromised his or her health by making and perpetuating bad lifestyle choices. Dietary assessments can be made and regimens created to improve the patient’s nutrition. Physical activity level is also made very accessible by this tool, and exercise plans can be created and modified for the patient starting with the assessment made using this tool. 3. What areas of the appraisal had you not considered previously in your assessments that you now recognize as being beneficial? The safety issues and the environmental issues were areas I had not previously considered in my assessments. I do see the necessity of these factors now, as decisions made regarding safety and environment can contribute as much to the well-being of a patient as diet and exercise. If, for example, a patient is routinely involved in mixing drinking with driving, then life expectancy will likely be reduced, even in the presence of regular exercise, proper diet, and good family medical history. 4. Would you use this appraisal with all assessments? Because of the nature of the lifestyle questions, which seem to be better suited for certain demographics, I would not use this appraisal with all assessments. If not, which aggregates or situations would you implement it with? I believe that the nature of the lifestyle questions dictate that the appraisal in its entirety is best suited for a healthy young population. The aged and aging might be able to relate to the dietary and safety questions, but will likely not be able to relate to those areas concerning strenuous physical activity. If you do not implement it with all clients, what measures will you include in order not to miss at-risk persons? I will incorporate many of the questions but not all of the sections. For example, the physical activity sections might be modified to accommodate lower levels of strain for geriatric patients. Furthermore, since falling is a hazard for older patients, balancing activities may also be included in that section. The dietary section could also be modified to include some of the areas necessary for geriatric patients, such as increased consumption of protein, calcium, and other minerals that deplete with aging. 5. What two things would you suggest to improve this health risk appraisal tool? In order to improve the tool, I would include measures of such lifestyle areas as stress levels and the patients’ financial capabilities. These too have the potential to increase the risk of illness in patients or to preclude their ability to properly care for their illnesses. 6. How could this tool be adapted to meet the time constraints of the nurse yet be comprehensive at the same time? One way to expedite time in the process of collecting the information would be to distribute the assessment to the patients prior to their meeting with the nurse. This way, the patients will be granted the time to fill it out at their leisure before bringing it in at the time of consultation. 7. How can the nurse use information gained from this appraisal to encourage or motivate others to change their behavior or lifestyle? The point system that the test utilizes has the potential to motivate patients, as higher scores boost morale and lower ones demonstrate that greater efforts would improve the patients’ lives. The breakdown of the test into areas also allows the patient to pinpoint the areas where changes would be appropriate. Therefore, stressing the benefits of behavior and lifestyle change in those areas would also encourage the patient to do what is necessary to get these desirable results. 8. How can the nurse ensure honest responses for the client in answering personal questions? In order to promote honesty, the nurse would ensure the confidentiality of the consultation as well as of the results of the assessment. Meeting in a private area would emphasize this, as would the use of envelopes as containers for the completed questionnaires. The nurse should also formally assure the patient of the confidentiality with which the information provided will be treated, and see to it that all other workers adhere to privacy guidelines. References Chowdury,   M. V. Chongsuvivatwong, A. F. Geater, H. H. Akhter, T. Winn (2002). â€Å"Taking a medical history and using a colour scale during clinical examination of pallor improves   Ã‚  Ã‚   detection of anaemia.† Tropical Medicine & International Health 7 (2), 133–139. Nordenberg, T. (2000). â€Å"Make no mistake: medical errors can be deadly serious.† FDA    Consumer Magazine. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved on March from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2000/500_err.html